.. module:: savings .. include:: /banners.rst The **savings** Library ========================== |modelx badge| Overview --------- The **savings** library is for modeling savings products, such as universal life, unit-linked, variable life and annuities. These saving products have investment features. Most part of premiums paid by the policyholder of such products is kept as the account value of the policy. The models in this library include the account value logic, and differ from the :mod:`basiclife` models in the following points. * In the :mod:`basiclife` models, premiums are calculated so that the present value of premiums cover the present value of claims. In the :mod:`savings` models, premiums are given as input, whether they are a single premium or recurring premiums. * In the :mod:`savings` models, most part of the premium received from a policyholder is transferred to the account value. When the policy holder exits, whether by death, lapse or maturity, the account value of the policyholder is used to fund the claim paid to the policyholder. * During each time step, the account value increases by the amount transferred from premiums, positive investment returns or interest credited, and decrease by the transferred amounts of claims, negative investment returns, and deducted fees. The beginning balance of the account value plus the changes in account value should reconcile to the ending balance of the account value. * The death benefit amount is by default set equal to the premium amount, or the accumulated premium amount for recurring premium types of products. This spec should be customized by the user. When the account value increases above the premium amount, the account value is paid as the death benefit. By default, cost of insurance charges are deducted from the account value. * The net cashflows of the saving models can be presented in two ways, gross of the account value and net of the account value. The gross presentation shows investment return on account value and change in account value, in addition to premiums, claims, expenses. The net presentation better depict the sources of profit and looses, and can be expressed as the sum of mortality margin adn expense margin. The library currently includes 2 models. .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 CashValue_SE CashValue_ME :mod:`~savings.CashValue_SE` and :mod:`~savings.CashValue_ME` produce the exact same results but in different ways. The :mod:`~savings.CashValue_SE` model defines and executes formulas for each model point separately, while the :mod:`~savings.CashValue_ME` model executes each formula at each time step for all model points at once. They produce the same results for the same model point. :mod:`~savings.CashValue_SE` is straight forward, and its formulas are easier to understand, but it runs slower. It's suitable for validation purposes. :mod:`~savings.CashValue_ME` runs fast, but its formulas are expressed as vector operations and can be more complex in some places. :mod:`~savings.CashValue_SE` and :mod:`~savings.CashValue_ME` project the cashflows of in-force policies at time 0 as well as new business policies at 0 or any future time. :mod:`~savings.CashValue_ME` is to :mod:`~savings.CashValue_SE` as :mod:`~basiclife.BasicTerm_M` is :mod:`~basiclife.BasicTerm_S`. Formulas in :mod:`~savings.CashValue_ME` apply to all the model point at a time while :mod:`~savings.CashValue_SE` carries out projection for each model point separately. How to Use the Library ------------------------------ As explained in the :ref:`create-a-project` section, Create you own copy of the *savings* library. For example, to copy as a folder named *savings* under the path *C:\\path\\to\\your\\*, type below in an IPython console:: >>> import lifelib >>> lifelib.create("savings", r"C:\path\to\your\savings") Examples ----------- .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 savings_example1 savings_example2 savings_example3 savings_example4 Library Contents ------------------ .. table:: :widths: 20 80 ========================================= =============================================================== File or Folder Description ========================================= =============================================================== CashValue_SE The :mod:`~savings.CashValue_SE` model. CashValue_ME The :mod:`~savings.CashValue_ME` model. cash_value_sample.xlsx An Excel file that reproduces the results of a selected model point. The file also shows the derivation of the sample mortality rates. CashValue_ME_EX1 The example model for *savings_example1.ipynb* CashValue_ME_EX2 The example model for *savings_example2.ipynb* CashValue_ME_EX4 The example model for *savings_example4.ipynb* savings_example1.ipynb Jupyter notebook :doc:`savings_example1` savings_example2.ipynb Jupyter notebook :doc:`savings_example2` savings_example3.ipynb Jupyter notebook :doc:`savings_example3` savings_example4.ipynb Jupyter notebook :doc:`savings_example4` generate_100K_model_points.ipynb Jupyter notebook used for generating the large model point data for :doc:`/libraries/savings/savings_example3`. plot_ex1_av_paths.py Python script for :doc:`/generated_examples/savings/plot_ex1_av_paths` plot_ex1_rand.py Python script for :doc:`/generated_examples/savings/plot_ex1_rand` plot_ex1_option_value.py Python script for :doc:`/generated_examples/savings/plot_ex1_option_value` plot_ex2_comp_option_values.py Python script for :doc:`/generated_examples/savings/plot_ex2_comp_option_values` plot_ex2_lapse_decrement.py Python script for :doc:`/generated_examples/savings/plot_ex2_lapse_decrement` plot_ex2_av_to_pols.py Python script for :doc:`/generated_examples/savings/plot_ex2_av_to_pols` ========================================= =============================================================== Other Notebooks ---------------- .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 1 generate_100K_model_points